RULES FOR TRANSFORMATION: INTERCHANGE OF PARTS OF SPEECH

Parts of Speech Transformation Rules

1. Noun to Verb

Suffixes/Prefixes: -en, -ize, -ify, -ate, en- (sometimes no change)

Steps: Find the verb and identify its tense. Then put the verb form of Noun and put down other words after the verb

Examples:

• Original: She made a decision.
  Transformed: She decided.
• Original: He gave an explanation.
  Transformed: He explained.

2. Verb to Noun

Prepositions: Often introduce nouns with prepositions like "of," "for," or "to."

Replacement of Verbs: You have replace the verbs (which are to be transformed as Nouns) with verbs like have, make, give, take etc.

Examples:

• Original: They need to investigate the issue.
  Transformed: They need an investigation of the issue.
• Original: We will discuss the topic.
  Transformed: We will have a discussion on the topic.
• Original: She decided to attend the meeting.
  Transformed: She made a decision to attend the meeting.

3. Adjective to Adverb

Suffix: use '-ly' with the adjective and form adverb out of it. -ly

Your second step will be generally to make the noun that is attributed by the adjective, as a verb and then put the adverb according to the syntax. Remember one thing that Adjective qualifies/describes Noun and Adverb qualifies Verb, Adjective and Adverb. -ly

Examples:

• Original: He is a quick learner.
  Transformed: He learns quickly.
• Original: She is a careful worker.
  Transformed: She works carefully.

4. Adverb to Adjective

Common Transformations: Removing the -ly suffix or using a related adjective form.

1. When the adverb is in the initial part of the sentence, you have to change the adverb into adjective by using 'It + be-verb + Adj form of the adverb + that + rest of the sentence without the adverb

2. When the adverb is at the last part of the sentence, you have to change the adverb into adjective by using 'rest of the sentence without the adverb + in + a/an + Adj form of the adverb + way/manner

Examples:

• Original: Unfortunately, he died.
  Transformed: It was unfortunate that he died.
• Original: He answered it promptly.
  Transformed: He answered it in a prompt manner.
• Original: She answered the question correctly.
  Transformed: Her answer was correct.
• Original: He runs quickly.
  Transformed: He is a quick runner.

5. Adjective to Noun

Prepositions: Often use "of," "with," "in," or "for" to connect the noun.

Replacement of Verbs: Generally you have replace the verbs with verbs like have, make, give, take etc.

Examples:

• Original: He is very intelligent.
  Transformed: He has a lot of intelligence.
• Original: She is happy.
  Transformed: She has a lot of happiness.
• Original: He is efficient.
  Transformed: He works with efficiency. / He has efficiency.
• Original: She is brave.
  Transformed: She has a lot of bravery.

6. Noun to Adjective

Suffixes: -y, -al, -ic, -ous, -ful, -less

Replacement of Verbs: Generally you have replace the verbs with verbs like 'be-verb'.

Examples:

• Original: The child showed bravery.
  Transformed: The child was brave.
• Original: She has hope.
  Transformed: She is hopeful.
• Original: He displayed wisdom.
  Transformed: He is wise.

7. Verb to Adjective

Suffixes: -ing, -ed, -ive, -able, -ible

Examples:

• Original: She impressed everyone with her speech.
  Transformed: Her speech was impressive.
• Original: The book interests me.
  Transformed: The book is interesting.

8. Adjective to Verb

Suffixes: -en, -ify, -ize

Examples:

• Original: He was able to simplify the process.
  Transformed: He simplified the process.
• Original: The threat is serious.
  Transformed: The threat threatens them.

9. Noun to Adverb

Prepositions: Often involve rephrasing the sentence to use a prepositional phrase.

Examples:

• Original: He spoke with confidence.
  Transformed: He spoke confidently.
• Original: She works with care.
  Transformed: She works carefully.

10. Adverb to Noun

Prepositions: Often involve rephrasing the sentence to use a prepositional phrase.

Examples:

• Original: She worked efficiently.
  Transformed: She worked with efficiency.
• Original: He quickly solved the problem.
  Transformed: He solved the problem with quickness.

11. Preposition to Conjunction

Prepositions: "Because of," "despite," "due to," which are often transformed into conjunctions like "because," "although," or "even though."

Examples:

• Original: He was late because of the traffic.
  Transformed: He was late because the traffic was heavy.
• Original: Despite the rain, they went out.
  Transformed: Although it was raining, they went out.
• Original: Due to his hard work, he succeeded.
  Transformed: Because he worked hard, he succeeded.

12. Conjunction to Preposition

Conjunctions: "Although," "even though," "if," which are often transformed into prepositions like "despite" or "due to."

Examples:

• Original: Although it was raining, they went out.
  Transformed: Despite the rain, they went out.
• Original: Even though he is rich, he is not happy.
  Transformed: Despite his wealth, he is not happy.
• Original: If you are tired, you should rest.
  Transformed: Due to your tiredness, you should rest.